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Hebrew astronomy refers to any astronomy written in Hebrew or by Hebrew speakers, or translated into Hebrew. It also includes an unusual type of literature from the Middle Ages: works written in Arabic but transcribed in the Hebrew alphabet. It includes a range of genres from the earliest astronomy and cosmology contained in the Bible, mainly the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible or "Old Testament"), to Jewish religious works like the Talmud and very technical works. Some Persian and Arabian traditions ascribe the invention of astronomy to Adam, Seth and Enoch. Some scholars suggest that the signs of the zodiac, or Mazzaroth, and the names of the stars associated with them originally were created as a mnemonic device by these forefathers of the Hebrews to tell the story of the Bible. Historian Josephus says Seth and his offspring preserved ancient astronomical knowledge in pillars of stone.〔Josephus, The Antiquities of the Jews, Book I:1–3.〕 == Stars and constellations == Only a few stars and constellations are named individually in the Hebrew Bible, and their identification is not certain. The clearest references include: * ''Kesîl'',〔Isaiah 13:10; Amos 5:8; Job 9:9, 38:31.〕 usually understood to be Orion, a giant angel. * ''Kimah'',〔Amos l.c.; Job l.c.〕 which may be the Pleiades, Aldebaran, Arcturus, or Sirius. * '' 'Ash'' or Ayish'',〔Job 9:9, 38:32〕 possibly the Hyades or Ursa Major, or even the Evening Star (Venus when seen after sunset). * ''Mezarim'',〔Job 37:9〕 which may be Ursa Major and Ursa Minor, or a synonym for ''mazzalot'', in which case it would refer to the planets or the constellations of the zodiac. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hebrew astronomy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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